[PROBLEM] Boot loop - init process... - loading...

[AvanOsch]

Software
XBian version: 2016.01.10.rpi2
XBMC/Kodi version: latest
Overclock settings: default (none)

Hardware
Device type and model: Raspberry Pi2
Power supply rating: 5V 2A
SD card size and make/type: Kingston 16GB
Network (Ethernet or wireless): Ethernet
Connected devices (TV, USB, network storage, ...): TV

Log files
Link to logfile(s):

Problem description:
After installing and setting up XBian (kodi, boblight, extensions, and some other stuff) I get this boot loop.
Last time the system was working properly, I ssh'd into the RPi2.
When exiting the menu, I got a message stating a reboot was required.
I manually rebooted, and got the boot loop ever since.

I tried editing config.txt and put back default values.
I tried without Ethernet connection and without any USB devices connected.
I tried another power supply
I tried to access the SD "xbian" partition, but can't mount it on my Linux Mint 17.1 machine.

I'd like to get back to where I was (without having to start from scratch), as I do not have any backups of my work so far.
Can someone help getting my system back up?